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Chapter 10: Passive Voice

被动语态

Learn how to form and use passive voice in all tenses.

学习如何在所有时态中构成和使用被动语态。

解释 Explanation

Passive voice focuses on the action receiver instead of the doer.

**Form:** [Object] + [be verb] + [past participle]

  • Active: The chef cooks the food. (subject does action)
  • Passive: The food is cooked by the chef. (subject receives action)

    • Passive in Different Tenses:

  • Simple Present: The food is cooked.
  • Present Continuous: The food is being cooked.
  • Simple Past: The food was cooked.
  • Past Continuous: The food was being cooked.
  • Present Perfect: The food has been cooked.
  • Past Perfect: The food had been cooked.
  • Future: The food will be cooked.
  • Future Perfect: The food will have been cooked.

    • Passive with Modals:

  • Modal + be + past participle
  • Examples: The food can be cooked. The food should be eaten.

    • **By + agent:** Shows who does the action.

  • The book was written by the author.

    • Passive with Objects:

  • Two objects: give her a gift → A gift was given to her. / She was given a gift.

    • **It's + adjective + that:** It's known that... → It's believed that...

    中文翻译

    被动语态关注的是行为的接受者而不是行为的执行者。形式：对象 + 系动词 + 过去分词 - 主动语态：厨师烹饪食物。 (主语执行动作) - 被动语态：食物被厨师烹饪。 (主语接受动作) 不同时态的被动语态： - 现在简单时态：食物被烹饪。 - 现在进行时态：食物正在被烹饪。 - 过去简单时态：食物被烹饪了。 - 过去进行时态：食物正在被烹饪。 - 现在完成时态：食物已经被烹饪。 - 过去完成时态：食物已经被烹饪了。 - 将来时态：食物将被烹饪。 - 将来完成时态：食物将已经被烹饪。 被动语态与情态动词： - 情态动词 + be + 过去分词 - 例子：食物可以被烹饪。食物应该被吃。 由 + 代理人：显示谁执行了动作。 - 书是由作者写的。 被动语态与对象： - 两个对象：给她一个礼物，一个礼物被送给了她。 / 她被送给了一个礼物。 它是 + 形容词 + 那：它是众所周知的... 它是被认为...

    关键话题 Key Topics

    Passive formation(被动式构成)Passive in tenses(时态中的被动语态)By + agent(被某人或某事物引起的)Passive with modals(带有情态动词的被动语态)Passive with objects(带有对象的被动语态)

    练习题目 Practice Items

    Example Active: She writes a letter.
    主动：她写了一封信。
    Example Passive: A letter is written by her.
    被动语态：一封信是由她写的。
    Rule Use "by" to show the doer
    用“by”来表示动作的执行者
    Example Modal passive: can be done, must be finished
    模式被动语态：可以被完成，必须被完成

    练习 Exercises

    1. Passive of "The cat catches the mouse":

    2. Which is Passive Simple Past?

    3. Complete: The book _____ (write) by the author.

    4. Which sentence has "by + agent"?

    5. Complete: The work must _____ (do) today.

    ← TensesReported Speech →